Optional · Group II · 100 marks
Physical and structural geology, mineralogy, petrology and stratigraphy, often tied to Pakistan’s own formations and resources.
21 papers, 2001 to 2024
CSS 2025 mean score
49.0/100
That is the average mark real candidates scored on this paper in CSS 2025, against a 40 percent pass requirement. Our full analysis breaks down the pass rate, score spread and provincial split for Geology.
Read the CSS 2025 Geology results analysisWork backwards from the latest paper. Question styles and mark splits shift slowly, so the most recent years are the best guide to what you will face.
Tally topics across years before you study. A theme that appears in a majority of papers is worth preparing to full length; one that appeared once is not.
Attempt a few under timed conditions. Optional papers are long, and running out of time is a more common failure than not knowing the material.
Optional choices decide your aggregate. Our assessment matches subjects to your degree and coursework using FPSC result data.
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